Present Perfect Tense

Pattern
(Verbal Sentences)

(+) S + have/has + V3 + O/C
(-) S + have/has + not + V3 + O/C
(?) Have/has + S +  V3 + O/C ?
Yes, S + have/has
No, S + have/has + not

Example :
(+) I have studied at ES since 1 year ago.
(-) I haven't studied at ES since 1 year ago.
(?) Have I studied at ES since 1 yeas ago?
Yes, I have
No, I haven't

Nominal Sentence
(+) S + have/has +been + O/C
(-) S + have/has + not + been + O/C
(?) Have/has + S + been + O/C?

Example :
(+) I have been at home since 2 hours ago.
(-) I haven't been at home since 2 hours ago.
(?) Have you been at home since 2 hours ago?
Yes, I have
No, I haven't

> Apakah kamu belum makan ?
Haven't you eaten breakfast yet?
Yes, I have
No, I haven't

>Apakah kamu sudah mandi ?
Have you already taken a bath?

Exercise :
1. Saya sudah menunggu mereka sejak 2 tahun yang lalu.
I have waited for them since 2 years ago.
2. Kami belum menyelesaikan tugas kami.
We haven't finished our duty.
3. Apakah mereka sudah sampai di rumah?
Have they arrived at home?
4. Dia[lk] sudah lulus dari kampusnya.
He has graduated from his collage.
5. Mereka belum menyiapkan makan malam.
They haven't prepared for dinner.